مقایسه اثر شدت تمرینات ویبریشن کل بدن و هوازی با دو شدت مختلف بر قدرت عضلانی و تعادل مردان سالمند: یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی، یک سوکور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

2 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی پزشکی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

10.22049/jahssp.2021.27086.1342

چکیده

هدف: سالمندی فرآیندی است که با گذشت زمان اتفاق می‌افتد و منجر به تغییرات منفی ساختاری و عملکردی در بدن، سیستم‌ها، بخش‌ها و بافت­های مختلف بدن می‌شود. تمرینات ویبریشن کل بدن (WBV) به‌عنوان یک جایگزین کارآمد برای بهبود عملکرد جسمانی در سالمندان به نظر می­رسد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش مقایسه تأثیر یک دوره تمرینات ویبریشن کل بدن و هوازی با دو شدت بالا و پایین بر قدرت عضلانی و تعادلعضلات مردان سالمند بود. روش شناسی: ­36 مرد سالمند (با میانگین سنی 16/2±83/65­­ سال؛ قد­­ 9/2±26/169 سانتیمتر؛ وزن 62/2±04/77 کیلوگرم؛ شاخص توده بدن ­69/0±86/26­کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب و بر اساس مقادیر وزن آزمونی­ها همسان‌سازی شدند و به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه: شدت­ زیاد (12=N)، شدت کم (12=N) و­­ کنترل (10=N) تقسیم‌ شدند.­ تمرینات ویبریشن­ در دو گروه شدت بالا ­و پایین به ترتیب با فرکانس ­­40­ و 25 هرتز و دامنه 3 میلی­متر بود و به‌صورت متناوب (یک دقیقه WBV: 35-30 استراحت بین ست­ها­) به ­مدت 30 دقیقه، سه جلسه در هفته و به مدت هشت هفته با وضعیت‌های مشخص روی پلت فرم دستگاه اعمال شد. در تمرین طناب زنی شدت بر اساس مقیاس بورگ در سطح 14­و 13 با 35-30 پرش در دقیقه برای هر دو گروه اعمال شد­. آزمون­های قدرت ایزومتریک دست، بلند شدن و نشستن روی صندلی و آزمون بلند شدن و رفتن به ترتیب جهت ارزیابی شاخص­های قدرت عضلانی در اندام فوقانی و تحتانی و تعادل پویا در پیش‌آزمون و پایان هشت هفته انجام شد. از روش آماری آنالیز واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد. سطح معناداری ­(05­/0= α) در نظر گرفته شد.یافته­ها: شاخص­های قدرت عضلانی در اندام فوقانی و تحتانی و تعادل پویا در گروه­های تمرینی با شدت بالا و پایین در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بهبود معناداری نشان داد (05­/0p <)؛ اما بین دو گروه تمرینی در هیچ‌کدام از شاخص‌های موردنظر تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (05/0­p>).نتیجه گیری: به نظر می‌رسد هر دو شدت برنامه ترکیبی ویبریشن و هوازی سبب بهبود شاخص­های قدرت عضلانی در اندام فوقانی و تحتانی و تعادل پویای مردان سالمند شده است. با توجه به میانگین و شاخص‌های بهبودیافته (اما غیر معنادار) این تحقیق در گروه با شدت بالا، انتخاب شدت بالا (فرکانس 40 هرتز) نسبت به ‌شدت پایین (فرکانس 25 هرتز) اثرات مفید بیشتری به همراه خواهد داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effect of eight weeks of combined whole body vibration - aerobic training with two different intensities on muscle strength and balance in older men: a randomized clinical trial, a blind

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Pouyafar 1
  • Roya Askari 2
  • Ali Maleki 3
1 Hakim Sabzevari UnivPhD Student in Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.ersity
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim:   Aging is a process that occurs over time and leads to negative structural and functional changes in the body, systems, parts and tissues of the body. Whole body vibration (WBV) exercises appear to be an effective alternative to improving physical function in the elderly. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of eight weeks of whole body vibration exercises and rope skipping training with both high and low intensities on muscle strength and balance in elderly men.Methods:  36 elderly men (mean age 65.83 ± 2.16 years; height 169.26 ±2.9 cm; mass 77.04 ± 2.62 kg; body mass index 26.86±0.69 kg.m2) were selected by purposive and available sampling method and matched based on the weight values of the samples and randomly divided into three groups of high intensity­ (N=12), low intensity (N =12), and control (N =10). Vibration exercises were performed in the high intensity group with a frequency of 40 Hz and in the low intensity group with a frequency of 25 Hz, with a range of 3 mm in both groups. Exposure was intermittent (1 min WBV: 35-40 min rest) for 30 min, three times per week for 8 weeks. In rope training, intensity was applied according to the Borg scale at levels 14 and 13 with 30-35 jumps per minute for both groups. Hand grip strength tests,­ 30-Second Chair Stand test and ­Up-and-Go test respectively to evaluate the indicators of muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs and dynamic balance it was performed in the pre-test and at the end of eight weeks. Muscle strength indices in the upper and lower limbs and dynamic balance were assessed at the pre-test and at the end of eight weeks. Statistical analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. Significance level was considered (α=0.05). Results:  The muscle strength indices in the upper and lower limbs and dynamic balance in the high intensity and low intensity training groups showed a significant improvement compared to the control group (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference between the two training groups in any of the variables (p>0.05).Conclusion:  It seems that both the intensity of the combined vibration and aerobic program have improved the muscle strength indices in the upper and lower limbs and the dynamic balance of older men. According to the mean and improved (but not significant) indicators of this study in the high intensity group, the choice of high intensity (frequency 40 Hz) will have more beneficial effects than low intensity (frequency 25 Hz).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Combined Exercise
  • Intensity
  • balance
  • strength
  • Aging

مراجع

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مطالعات کاربردی تندرستی در فیزیولوژی ورزش
دوره 8، شماره 1
فروردین 1400
صفحه 1-11

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 اردیبهشت 1400

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