تاثیر تمرینات اسپارک بر عامل نروتروفیک مشتق از مغز، مهارت های حرکتی ظریف و درشت در کودکان کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه رفتار حرکتی ، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: هدف از این پژوهش تعیین تاثیر یک دوره تمرینات اسپارک بر عامل نروتروفیک مشتق از مغز (BDNF) و مهارت های حرکتی ظریف و درشت در کودکان کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر بود. روش‌شناسی:  20 دانش آموز پسر کم توان ذهنی 7 تا 9 سالۀ به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی (10 نفر) و کنترل (10 نفر) تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی یک برنامۀ منتخب اسپارک را به مدت 12 هفته هر هفته 3 جلسۀ 45 دقیقه ای اجرا کردند. قبل و بعد از مداخلۀ برنامه مهارت های ظریف و درشت و سطح BDNF تمام آزمودنی ها اندازه گیری شد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چند متغیره (مانوا) با اندازه گیری های مکرر و در سطح معنی داری 0/05=α استفاده شد. یافته ها: در پیش آزمون تفاوت معنی داری بین دو گروه تجربی و کنترل در هیچ یک از متغیرهای اندازه گیری شده وجود ندارد. پس از اعمال دوره تمرینی، گروه تجربی به لحاظ فاکتورهای خونی BDNF  بالاتر و در مهارت های حرکتی ظریف وضعیت بهتر و معنی داری نسبت به گروه کنترل داشت. درباره مهارت های حرکتی درشت، تفاوت معنی داری بین گروه های کنترل و تجربی در پس آزمون وجود نداشت. نتیجه‌گیری: برنامه منتخب اسپارک باعث افزایش سطح BDNF و بهبود مهارت های حرکتی ظریف در دانش آموزان کم توان ذهنی آموزش پذیر می شود، اما تأثیر معنی داری بر مهارت های درشت ندارد که به نظر می رسد تا حدی به دلیل افزایش BDNF باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of SPARK Program on Fine and Gross Motor Skills and BDNF in Educable Intellectual Disabled Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Arvin 1
  • Mehrzad Moghadasi 2
  • Hassan Rohbanfard 3
  • Saeed Arsham 4
1 PhD Student in Exercise Physiology,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch,Shiraz Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of physical education, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior,Faculty of Sports Sciences, BU-ALI-SINA University, Hamadan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior,Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a curriculum known as Sports, Play and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK) on fine and gross motor skills and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in educable intellectual disabled children. Methods: Twenty intellectual disabled boy students aged 7 to 9 years were randomly divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group performed a selected SPARK program 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Fine and gross motor skills and BDNF level were measured before and after the intervention. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with repeated measures was used for data analysis (α = 0.05). Results: Data revealed that there were no significant differences between two groups in any of the measured variables at the baseline. After the intervention, the experimental group performed significantly better in fine motor skills and had higher level of BDNF as compared to the control group. Regarding gross motor skills, there were no significant differences between experimental and control groups in the post-test. Conclusion: The selected SPARK protocol increases BDNF level and improves fine motor skills however it has not significant effect on gross motor skills in the educable intellectual disabled boy students; which could be partially attributed to an increased BDNF levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • BDNF
  • Intellectual Disabled Children
  • Fine & Gross Motor Skills
  • SPARK Training

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مطالعات کاربردی تندرستی در فیزیولوژی ورزش
دوره 7، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 19-28

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 تیر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 مرداد 1399

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