Document Type : Review Article I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license
Authors
1
Master of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran.
2
Professor, Department of Sports Sciences,University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
3
Associate Professor, Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Physical activity on the serum levels of adipokines related to energy homeostasis (adropin, asprosin) and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity.
Methods: A systematic search of English and Farsi articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, SID and Magiran databases was conducted until October 2023. Meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effect of Physical activity on serum levels of adipokines related to energy homeostasis (adropin, asprosin) and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity. Mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random effect model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the (I2) test, and publication bias was evaluated by visual analysis of the funnel plot and Egger's test.
Findings: A total of 15 studies including 16 sports interventions and 343 subjects in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity were meta-analyzed. The results showed that exercise training caused a significant increase in serum adropin [SMD=1.05 mg/dL (1.32 To 0.77), P=0/001], It also caused a significant decrease in serum asprosin [SMD=-0.92 mg/dL (-0.46 To -1.38), P=0/001], fasting glucose [SMD=-0.71 mg/dL (-0.45 To -0.97), P=0/001], Insulin [SMD=-0.59 mg/dL (-0.32 To -0.86), P=0/001] And HOMA-IR [SMD=-0.73 mg/dL (-0.47 To -0.99), P=0/001] compared to the control group in patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that aerobic exercises have the greatest effect in increasing adropin and decreases in asprosine, fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance compared to resistance and combined exercises. Exercise reduces insulin resistance in overweight men, leading to the prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It seems that changes caused by physical activity, adropin and asprosin play a role.
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