مقایسه تاثیر دو پروتکل‌ متفاوت گرم کردن کششی بر برخی از عوامل آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان فوتبال جوان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 مدرس،گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد اسداباد، همدان، ایران.

2 استادیار فیزولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آیت الله بروجردی لرستان، لرستان، ایران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد فیزولوژی ورزشی، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

 هدف: برای دستیابی به پیشرفت­های مضاعف در ورزش حرفه­ای بررسی پروتکل­های جدید تمرینی، به­ویژه استفاده از اثر تمرین گرم کردن کششی بر فاکتورهای آمادگی جسمانی ضروری است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسة پروتکل گرم کردن همزمان کشش ایستا-پویا قبل از تمرین تناوبی شدید هوازی و تمرین تناوبی فوتبال بر عوامل آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان جوان فوتبال انجام شد. روش شناسی: 24 بازیکن فوتبال جوان (3±18سال،سن،4±176سانتی­متر قد و 4±68کیلوگرم وزن) انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 12نفره قرار گرفتند. تمرینات به مدت 6هفته، شش جلسه در هفته (سه روز متوالی تمرین و یک روز استراحت) و هر جلسه به مدت 60دقیقه انجام شد.یک؛ شامل تمرین گرم کردن کشش هم­زمان ایستا و پویا 8 ثانیه­ای سپس اجرای 4 نوبت دویدن 4 دقیقه­ای با شدت 95 درصد ضربان بیشینه بود و تمرین گروه دوم؛ شامل تمرین گرم کردن کشش هم­زمان ایستا و پویا 15ثانیه­ای سپس اجرای 4 نوبت 4 دقیقه­ای بازی فوتبال در زمین کوچک بود. قبل و بعد از دوره؛ شاخص های انعطاف­پذیری، دوی سرعت، توان انفجاری، چابکی،درصد چربی زیر جلدی آزمودنی ها ارزیابی شد. یافته‌ها: یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد، دو مدل تمرین گرم کردن موجب افزایش معنی­دار انعطاف­پذیری، توان بی­هوازی، سرعت و چابکی و کاهش معنی­داری در درصد چربی زیر پوستی شد (05/0p≤). با این حال، توان بی­هوازی و انعطاف پذیری، درگروه دوم در قیاس با گروه اول، به میزان بیشتری افزایش یافت (05/0p≤). نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی اجرای تمرین هوازی شدید و بازی در زمین­های کوچک پس از پروتکل گرم کردن کششی با دوره­های زمانی منتخب باعث توسعه ویژگی­های زیست حرکتی آزمودنی­ها به خصوص پس از کشش 15ثانیه­ای شد، و نقش مؤثری در بهبود انعطاف پذیری، چابکی، توان و سرعت آزمودنی­ها داشت .

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Two Different Protocols of Warm-Up Stretching, Physical Fitness Factors in Young Soccer Players

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yazdan Foroutan 1
  • Saeid Daneshyar 2
  • Majid Zandi 3
1 Teacher, Department of Sport Sciences, Asadabad Branch, Hamadan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University Lorestan, Lorestan, Iran.
3 Msc of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

 
 Aim: To achieve further progress, particularly in professional sport training new protocol to evaluate the effect of warm-up stretching exercises on fitness factors is essential. This study aimed to compare the static-dynamic stretch protocols at the same time warm up before exercise high intensity intermittent aerobic and fitness training young football players were periodic Football factors. Methods: 24 young football players (3±18 years of age,4±176 cm tall and 4±68kg)were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 12.Training for 6weeks, six days a week (three days training and one day of rest)and each session was 60 minutes. One group consisted of static and dynamic synchronous stretching warm-up 8 seconds followed by 4-minute running at 95% of the maximum pulse intensity and the second group consisted of 15-minute static and dynamic synchronous stretching exercise. It was 4 minutes 4 minutes of playing soccer on a small field. Before and after the course, the flexibility, speed, explosive power, agility, subcutaneous fat percentages were measured. Results: The results showed that the two models of warm-up training significantly increased flexibility, anaerobic power, speed and agility, and a significant decrease in the percentage of subcutaneous fat (p≤0.05). However, the record anaerobic power and flexibility, the second group compared with the first group increased to a greater extent (05/0 p≤). Conclusions: In general, high intensity aerobic exercise and play in small lands after warm-up protocol The elongation of the selected temporal lobes increased the biomotor characteristics of the subjects, especially after a 15-second stretch, and played an important role in improving the flexibility, agility, power, and speed of the subjects.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stretching Exercise
  • Fitness Factors
  • Soccer Players
  • Agility
 
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