The effect of high intensity interval training with Portulaca Oleracea supplementation on FXR and SREBP-1c in the liver tissue of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license

Authors

1 Department of Physical Education, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, I.R. Iran

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, I.R. Iran

3 Department of Physical Education, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, I.R. Iran

Abstract

Aim:   Physical activity and the use of medicinal supplements are one of the treatment strategies for managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) along with Portulaca Oleracea supplement on FXR and SREBP-1c in the liver tissue of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: healthy control (n=5), fatty liver control (n=5), Portulaca Oleracea supplement (n=5), HIIT (n=5) and HIIT + Portulaca Oleracea supplement (n=5). Nonalcoholic fatty liver was induced with 12 weeks of high-fat diet. Portulaca Oleracea supplement was applied daily and HIIT training for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week in the respective groups. The amounts of FXR and SREBP-1c in liver tissue were measured by sandwich ELISA method. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results:  After 8 weeks of HIIT and Portulaca Oleracea supplementation, there was a significant difference in FXR (p=0.028) and SREBP-1c (p=0.005) values between the study groups. The results of the post hoc test showed that the SREBP-1c levels in the fatty liver control group were significantly higher than the healthy control group(p=0.012). SREBP-1c values were significantly lower in the HIIT + Portulaca Oleracea supplement group (p=0.006) and the exercise group (p=0.049) compared to the fatty liver control. FXR values in the fatty liver control group were significantly lower than the healthy control group(p=0.027). There was no significant difference in FXR values in the groups of HIIT + Portulaca Oleracea supplement (p=0.462), HIIT (p=0.958) and Portulaca Oleracea supplement (p=0.988) compared to the fatty liver control. Conclusion: HIIT with Portulaca Oleracea supplementation may be effective in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating some liver lipogenesis regulation pathways, including reducing SREBP-1c activity in liver tissue.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Cigrovski Berkovic M, Bilic-Curcic I, Mrzljak A, Cigrovski V. NAFLD and physical exercise: ready, steady, go! Frontiers in Nutrition. 2021;8:734859.
  2. Wai-Sun Wong V, Ekstedt M, Lai-Hung Wong G, Hagström H. Changing epidemiology, global trends and implications for outcomes of NAFLD. J Hepatol https://doi org/101016/j jhep. 2023;36:2023.
  3. Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, Henry A, Van Dongen C, Henry L. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2023;77(4):1335.
  4. Ebrahimi M, Fathi R, Ansari Pirsarii Z, Talebi-Garakani E. Relative gene expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism, following high fat diet and moderate and high intensity aerobic training in rat’s liver. Sport Physiology. 2017;9(34):201-16. [In Persian]
  5. Xu J-Y, Li Z-P, Zhang L, Ji G. Recent insights into farnesoid X receptor in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2014;20(37):13493.
  6. Jiao Y, Lu Y, Li X-y. Farnesoid X receptor: a master regulator of hepatic triglyceride and glucose homeostasis. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 2015;36(1):44-50.
  7. Azarbayjani M, Banaeifar A, Arshadi S. The Effect of Aerobic Training and Adenosine on the Expression of SREBP-1C and A1 Receptor in Hepatic Fat-fed Rats. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology. 2019;14(1):1-9.
  8. Cintra DE, Ropelle ER, Vitto MF, Luciano TF, Souza DR, Engelmann J, et al. RETRACTED: Reversion of hepatic steatosis by exercise training in obese mice: The role of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c. Elsevier; 2012.
  9. Wang X, Jin X, Li H, Zhang X, Chen X, Lu K, et al. Effects of various interventions on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2023;14:1180016.
  10. Sabag A, Barr L, Armour M, Armstrong A, Baker CJ, Twigg SM, et al. The effect of high-intensity interval training vs moderate-intensity continuous training on liver fat: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2022;107(3):862-81.
  11. Sini ZK, Afzalpour ME, Ahmadi MM, Sardar MA, Khaleghzadeh H, Gorgani-Firuzjaee S, et al. Comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on indices of liver and muscle tissue in high-fat diet-induced male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Egyptian Liver Journal. 2022;12(1):63.
  12. Hamasaki H. Perspectives on interval exercise interventions for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Medicines. 2019;6(3):83.
  13. de Castro-de-Paiva P, de Souza Marinho T, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Intermittent fasting, high-intensity interval training, or a combination of both have beneficial effects in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2022;104:108997.
  14. Khaleghzadeh H, Afzalpour ME, Ahmadi MM, Nematy M, Sardar MA. Effect of high intensity interval training along with Oligopin supplementation on some inflammatory indices and liver enzymes in obese male Wistar rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity Medicine. 2020;17:100177.
  15. Xiong Y, Peng Q, Cao C, Xu Z, Zhang B. Effect of different exercise methods on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(6):3242.
  16. Khorasani-Toroghi T, Yaghoubi A. Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Portulaca Oleracea Supplement on Changes in Fetuin A Level and Insulin Resistance in Rats with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2022;32(212):29-41. [In Persian]
  17. Kumar A, Sreedxaran S, Singx P, Ramchiary N. A review on bioactive phytochemicals, ethnomedicinal and pharmacological importance of Purslane (Portulaca olerecea L.). Research Square. 2021.
  18. Kwon Y-R, Cho S-M, Hwang S-P, Kwon G-M, Kim J-W, Youn K-S. Antioxidant, physiological activities, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of Portulaca oleracea extracts with different extraction methods. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. 2014;43(3):389-96.
  19. Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Zarei A, Taheri S, Rasekh F, Ramazani M. The effects of Portulaca oleracea alcoholic extract on induced hypercholesteroleomia in rats. Zahedan journal of research in medical sciences. 2013;15(6). [In Persian]
  20. Sicari V, Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Mincione A, Pellicano TM. Portulaca oleracea L.(Purslane) extracts display antioxidant and hypoglycaemic effects. J Appl Bot Food Qual. 2018;91(1):39-46.
  21. Dehbashi M, Fathie M, Attarzadeh HSR, Mosaferi ZM. The Effect Of Eight Weeks Of Endurance Training And Injection Of Growth Hormone Lipolytic Fragment (Aod9604) On Ck18 And Liver Enzymes Of Nafld-Induced Mice Induced By High-Fat Diet. 2021.
  22. Arifin WN, Zahiruddin WM. Sample size calculation in animal studies using resource equation approach. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences: MJMS. 2017;24(5):101.
  23. Hafstad AD, Boardman NT, Lund J, Hagve M, Khalid AM, Wisløff U, et al. High intensity interval training alters substrate utilization and reduces oxygen consumption in the heart. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2011;111(5):1235-41.
  24. Kemi OJ, Loennechen JP, Wisløff U, Ellingsen Ø. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in mice: cardiac and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. Journal of applied physiology. 2002;93(4):1301-9.
  25. Bagheri MH, Azamian Jazi A, Bani Talebi E, Nasr-Esfahani MH. The effects of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on expression of PPARγ and liver TG in rats with fatty liver disease. Sport Physiology. 2020;12(47):113-32. [In Persian]
  26. Hafstad AD, Lund J, Hadler-Olsen E, Höper AC, Larsen TS, Aasum E. High-and moderate-intensity training normalizes ventricular function and mechanoenergetics in mice with diet-induced obesity. Diabetes. 2013;62(7):2287-94.
  27. Samarghandian S, Borji A, Farkhondeh T. Attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation by Portulaca oleracea in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine. 2017;22(4):562-6.
  28. Zarei A, Ashtiyani SC, Taheri S. The effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Portulaca Oleracea on the serum concentreation of Hepatic enzymes in Rats. Iranian South Medical Journal. 2014;17(5).
  29. Darvish Damavandi R, Shidfar F, Najafi M, Janani L, Masoodi M, Akbari‐Fakhrabadi M, et al. Effect of Portulaca Oleracea (purslane) extract on liver enzymes, lipid profile, and glycemic status in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, double‐blind clinical trial. Phytotherapy Research. 2021;35(6):3145-56.
  30. Côté I, Ngo Sock ET, Lévy É, Lavoie J-M. An atherogenic diet decreases liver FXR gene expression and causes severe hepatic steatosis and hepatic cholesterol accumulation: effect of endurance training. European journal of nutrition. 2013;52:1523-32.
  31. Saleh Al-maamari JN, Rahmadi M, Panggono SM, Prameswari DA, Pratiwi ED, Ardianto C, et al. The effects of quercetin on the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA in high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in mice. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. 2021;32(4):637-44.
  32. Karagianni P, Talianidis I. Transcription factor networks regulating hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids.2015;1851(1):2-8
  33. Dossi CG, Tapia GS, Espinosa A, Videla LA, D'Espessailles A. Reversal of high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by n-3 LCPUFA: role of PPAR-α and SREBP-1c. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry. 2014;25(9):977-84.
  34. Wen L, Li M, Lin X, Li Y, Song H, Chen H. AgNPs aggravated hepatic steatosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes in mice with NAFLD induced by HFD. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. 2022;10:912178.
  35. Pino-de la Fuente F, Quezada L, Sepúlveda C, Monsalves-Alvarez M, Rodríguez JM, Sacristan C, et al. Exercise regulates lipid droplet dynamics in normal and fatty liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 2019;1864(12):158519.
  36. Kalaki-Jouybari F, Shanaki M, Delfan M, Gorgani-Firouzjae S, Khakdan S. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) alleviated NAFLD feature via miR-122 induction in liver of high-fat high-fructose diet induced diabetic rats. Archives of physiology and biochemistry. 2020;126126(3):242-9.
  37. Cho J, Lee I, Kim D, Koh Y, Kong J, Lee S, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise training on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry. 2014;18(4):339.
  38. Hajighasem A, Farzanegi P, Mazaheri Z, Naghizadeh M, Salehi G. Effects of resveratrol, exercises and their combination on Farnesoid X receptor, Liver X receptor and Sirtuin 1 gene expression and apoptosis in the liver of elderly rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver. PeerJ. 2018;6:e5522.
  39. Fiorucci S, Cipriani S, Mencarelli A, Baldelli F, Bifulco G, Zampella A. Farnesoid X receptor agonist for the treatment of liver and metabolic disorders: focus on 6-ethyl-CDCA. Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry. 2011;11(9):753-62.
  40. Fuchs M. Non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease: the bile Acid-activated farnesoid x receptor as an emerging treatment target. Journal of lipids. 2012;2012.
  41. McGettigan BM, McMahan RH, Luo Y, Wang XX, Orlicky DJ, Porsche C, et al. Sevelamer improves steatohepatitis, inhibits liver and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and reverses innate immune dysregulation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2016;291(44):23058-67.
  42. Ibrahim SH, Kohli R, Gores GJ. Mechanisms of lipotoxicity in NAFLD and clinical implications. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition. 2011;53(2):131.
  43. Kälsch J, Bechmann LP, Kälsch H, Schlattjan M, Erhard J, Gerken G, et al. Evaluation of biomarkers of NAFLD in a cohort of morbidly obese patients. Journal of nutrition and metabolism. 2011;2011.
  44. Abdelbasset WK, Tantawy SA, Kamel DM, Alqahtani BA, Elnegamy TE, Soliman GS, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise on diabetic obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a comparative randomized controlled trial. Medicine. 2020;99(l0).
  45. Aliniya N, Elmieh A, Fadaei Chafy MR. Interaction effect of combined exercise and supplementation with portulaca oleracea on liver enzymes in obese postmenopausal women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Complementary Medicine Journal. 2020;10(1):68-79.[In Persian]
  46. Kadkhoda Z, Khajeie R, Barjaste Yazdi A, Safipor Afshar A, Zarei M. Effect of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training Along With Purslane Consumption on Lipid Profile of Rats with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Complementary Medicine Journal. 2022;12(3):270-83.[In Persian]
  47. Mohamed AD, Ahmed EAM, Saleh A-Q, Reda AS. Antioxidant effect of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) and its mechanism of action. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2011;5(9):1589-93.
  48. Masterton G, Plevris J, Hayes P. omega‐3 fatty acids–a promising novel therapy for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 2010;31(7):679-92.
  49. Scorletti E, Byrne CD. Omega-3 fatty acids and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Evidence of efficacy and mechanism of action. Molecular aspects of medicine. 2018;64:135-46.
  50. Chen Y-C, Chen R-J, Peng S-Y, Yu WC, Chang VH-S. Therapeutic targeting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by downregulating SREBP-1C expression via AMPK-KLF10 axis. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2021;8:751938.
  51. Li L, Qin Y, Xin X, Wang S, Liu Z, Feng X. The great potential of flavonoids as candidate drugs for NAFLD. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2023;164:114991.
  52. Lee JH, Park JE, Han JS. Portulaca oleracea L. extract reduces hyperglycemia via PI3k/Akt and AMPK pathways in the skeletal muscles of C57BL/Ksj-db/db mice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2020;260:112973.
  53. Nemzer B, Al-Taher F, Abshiru N. Phytochemical composition and nutritional value of different plant parts in two cultivated and wild purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) genotypes. Food chemistry. 2020;320:126621.
Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology
Volume 11, Issue 1
March 2024
Pages 124-138

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 26 August 2023
  • Revise Date: 10 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 11 October 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics