The Effect of Acute L-Carnitine Supplementation on Endurance Performance and Fatigue Index in Young Male Athletes

Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license

Authors

1 Msc of Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

2 Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

3 Msc of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran

4 Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Aim: L-carnitine may improve performance and decrease fatigue in athletes by increasing lipid oxidation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute L-carnitine supplementation on endurance performance and fatigue index in athlete young men. Methods: This study was a double blind, cross over and quasi experimental study. Subjects included 12 athlete young men athletes working in volleyball who were divided into two groups: experimental (consumption of 4.5 g L-carnitine with 6 drops of lemon juice in 250 mg) and control (6 drops of lemon juice in 250 mg of water as a placebo). Each of the subjects in two separate sessions performed the RAST test three times in one hour interval and were measured maximum power, minimum power, average power and fatigue index. The statistical tests used for data analysis were the analysis of variance with repeated measures and independent t-test (P>0.05). Results: The results showed that in the experimental group there was a significant difference between the first and second stages of the variables maximum power (p = 0.007), minimum power (p= 0.028) and average power (p= 0.002), But there was no significant difference between the other steps (p < 0.05). Also, there was no difference between different stages of fatigue index in experimental group (p <0.05). In addition, comparing the experimental and control groups in the above variables showed that there was no significant difference between the groups at any of the test stages (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that acute consumption of L-carnitine supplement during one session of vigorous physical activity does not have significant effect on endurance and fatigue index.

Keywords


  1.  

    1. Hakimi M, Sheikholeslami-Vatani D, Ali-Mohamadi M. Effect of concurrent training with ingested of lcarnitine supplementation on hormonal changes, lipid profile and body composition in obese men. The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. 2015;26(3):185-93.
    2. Robergs RA, Roberts S. Fundamental principles of exercise physiology: for fitness, performance, and health: McGraw-Hill College; 2000.
    3. Kraemer WJ, Fleck SJ, Deschenes MR. Exercise physiology: integrating theory and application: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011.
    4. Arazi Hamid, Rahmaninia Farhad, Azali Alamdar Karim, Mehrtash Mohammad. The effect of acute L-Carnitine supplementation on the blood lactate, glucose, VO2max and power in trained men: a brief report. Tehran Univ Med J. 2013; 71 (1) :59-64
    5. Izadi M, Aghdami A, Khorshidi D, Ahmadi S, Doali H, Kyani F. The effect of chronic L-Carnitne supplementation on plasma glucose and lactate during exercise. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. 2009;13(4):16-22.
    6. Galloway SD, Broad EM. Oral L-carnitine supplementation and exercise metabolism. Monatshefte für Chemie/Chemical Monthly. 2005;136(8):1391-410.
    7. Steiber A, Kerner J, Hoppel CL. Carnitine: a nutritional, biosynthetic, and functional perspective. Molecular aspects of medicine. 2004;25(5-6):455-73.
    8. Hovanloo F, Karimnia Saheb V, Bassami M, Mirmiran P, Kolahdozi S. The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Carbohydrate and Fat Metabolism after Resistance Exercise. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2012; 14 (4) :392-400
    9. Novakova K, Kummer O, Bouitbir J, Stoffel SD, Hoerler-Koerner U, Bodmer M, et al. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on the body carnitine pool, skeletal muscle energy metabolism and physical performance in male vegetarians. European journal of nutrition. 2016;55(1):207-17.
    10. Azizimasouleh M, Sharifi K, Ahmadi P, Hedayati M. Effects of caffeine, L-carnitine and their combination on 400 m freestyle performance in adolescent female swimmers. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015;22(133):16-26.
    11. Mazloom Z, Panahandeh B, Salesi M, Abbas Torki S. The effects of creatine and L-carnitine supplementation on anaerobic performance in athletes. jsmt. 2015;12(7):55-62.
    12. Kashef, M., Ramezani, A., Mohammadi, M. The effect of L-carnitine and aerobic exercise on aerobic power and blood latate in young male. Journal of Sport Biosciences, 2014; 6(1): 57-68. 
    13. Nourshahi M, Rajaeyan A, Kimiagar M, Ebrahim K. The effects of L-carnitine supplementation in different phases of menstrual cycle on the metabolic responses after exhausted exercise in active women. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology. 2011;6(1):23-32.
    14. Morand R, Bouitbir J, Felser A, Hench J, Handschin C, Frank S, et al. Effect of carnitine, acetyl-, and propionylcarnitine supplementation on the body carnitine pool, skeletal muscle composition, and physical performance in mice. European journal of nutrition. 2014;53(6):1313-25.
    15. Brass EP, Hiatt WR. The role of carnitine and carnitine supplementation during exercise in man and in individuals with special needs. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 1998;17(3):207-15.
    16. Ahmad S, Brass E, Hoppel C, Kopple J, Lasagna L, Lundin A, et al. Role of L-carnitine in treating renal dialysis patients. Dialysis & Transplantation. 1994;23(4):177-&.
    17. Orer GE, Guzel NA. The effects of acute L-carnitine supplementation on endurance performance of athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2014;28(2):514-9.
    18. Gaeini AA, Tabarsa H. A STUDING OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF ONE MILE TRACK-JOG TEST FOR ESTIMATING THE VO2MAX FOR BOY STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN. RESEARCH ON SPORT SCIENCE. 2005;3(6):95-106.
    19. Adamczyk J. The estimation of the RAST test usefulness in monitoring the anaerobic capacity of sprinters in athletics. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism. 2011;18(3):214-8.
    20. Smith WA, Fry AC, Tschume LC, Bloomer RJ. Effect of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine on aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance. International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism. 2008;18(1):19-36.
    21. Bacurau RF, Navarro F, Bassit RA, Meneguello MO, Santos RV, Almeida AL. Does exercise training interfere with the effects of l-carnitine supplementation? Nutrition. 2003;19(4):337-41.
    22. Kaviani M, Nourshahi M, Shokoohi F. The effects of acute L-carnitine administration on ventilatory breakpoint and exercise performanceduring incremental exercise. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2009;19(73):42-50.
    1. Koozehchian MS, Daneshfar A, Fallah E, Agha-Alinejad H, Samadi M, Kaviani M, Kaveh B M, Jung YP, Sablouei MH, Moradi N, Earnest CP, Chandler TJ, Kreider RB. Effects of nine weeks L-Carnitine supplementation on exercise performance, anaerobic power, and exercise-induced oxidative stress in resistance-trained males. Journal of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry. 2018;22(4):7-19.