میزان شیوع سه‌گانه ورزشکاران زن (اختلال تغذیه، آمنوره و پوکی استخوان) و ارتباط آن با سطح فعالیت بدنی در ملی پوشان ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

یک جز از سه‌گانه یا ترکیبی از آن می‌تواند عملکرد جسمانی را کاهش دهد یا علت بیماری و یا مرگ‌ومیر باشد. هدف ازاین مطالعه تعیین شیوع سه‌گانه ورزشکاران زن وارتباط آن باسطح فعالیت بدنی درتیم‌های ملی کشوربود. در این مطالعه باجامعه آماری 353نفرحاضردر25رشته ورزشی تیم های ملی،284نفر پرسش‌نامه‌های مربوط به اختلال تغذیه، اختلال قاعدگی، پوکی استخوان و فعالیت بدنی را داوطلبانه تکمیل کردند. برای بررسی همبستگی بین متغیرها از آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن استفاده شد. یافته‌های این مطالعه نشان داد که، شیوع سهگانه ورزشکاران زن در تیمهای ملی 7/7 درصد از کل ورزشکاران حاضررادر برمی‌گیرد. همچنین شیوع اختلال تغذیه 7/24 درصد آمنوره 1/27 درصد بوده و احتمال خطر پوکی‌استخوان در 4 درصد از ورزشکاران به میزان کم، 3/47 درصد متوسط، 7/38 درصد زیاد و 10 درصد به میزان بسیار زیادی می‌باشد. همبستگی بسیار ضعیفی بین فعالیت بدنی و هر یک از اجزای سه‌گانه وجود داشت، اما همبستگی بین فعالیت بدنی و خطر پوکی‌استخوان (157/0- =r،01/0 >p) و نیز فعالیت بدنی و اختلال تغذیه (125/0- = r، 05/0 p <) معکوس و معنادار بود. همچنین، همبستگی بین سطح فعالیت‌بدنی با سه‌گانه ورزشکاران زن و آمنوره معنادار نبود. همبستگی ضعیفی بین اجزای سه‌گانه بود اما، همبستگی بین پوکی‌استخوان با اختلال تغذیه و آمنوره مثبت و معنادار شد. نتایج اینمطالعه نشان دادکه شیوع سهگانه ورزشکاران زن در تیم‌های ملی ایران به میزان 7/7 درصدوجودداردولازم است برای ورزشکاران، مربیان و کسانی که مسئولیت ورزش بانوان را دارند، آموزش‌های لازم صورت گیرد و نیز با اتخاذ برنامه‌های پیشگیرانه، از شیوع بیشتر آن در آینده جلوگیری شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Prevalence of Female Athlete Triad (Eating Disorder, Amenorrhea, and Osteoporosis) and its Relation to the Level of Physical Activity in National Teams of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Pour Mirzaei
  • Bahman Mirzaei
  • Farhad Rahmani Nia
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Absteract: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence offemale athlete triad and its relation to the level of physical activity in national teams. In this study,from 353 present individuals in 25 sport fields, only from National Teams, 284 individuals have voluntarily filled the questionnaires related to eating disorder, menstrual disorder, osteoporosis and physical activity. For studying the correlation between variables Spearman correlation test was used. The results of this study indicated that the prevalence of female athlete triad in nationalteams includes 7.7% of the whole present athletes. Also the prevalence of eating disorderwas24.7%, and amenorrhea 27.1% and the risk of osteoporosis in 4% of athletes was low, 47.3% moderate,38.7% high, and 10% very high. There was a very weak correlation between physical activity and each of the triad components, but the correlation between physical activity and the risk of osteoporosis(p < 0.01, r=-0.157)and also physical activity and eating disorder(p < 0.05, r=-0.125)was reverse and significant. Also the correlation between the level of physical activity with the female athlete triad and amenorrhea was not significant. There was a weak correlation between the triad components, but the correlation between osteoporosis with eating disorder and amenorrhea was Positive and significant. The results of this study indicated that the prevalence of female athlete triad in the national teams of Iran is spreading and necessary trainings should be done for athletes and coaches and those responsible for ladies’ sports and also by adopting preventive programs its further prevalence in the future should be avoided.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Female Athlete Triad
  • Elite
  • Physical Activity
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